Usually, there is a laser diode that is optically coupled to the fiber.

A biotag is a small radio or optical telemetry transmitter used in wildlife ecology.

In wired systems the transmitter-receiver pair is commonly referred to as a modem (modulator/demodulator); in wireless systems the terms transmitter and receiver continue to be used; and for fiber-optic cable systems the terms electrical-to-optical (E/O) and optical-to-electrical (O/E) interfaces are used to describe the transmitter-receiver pair

In wired systems the transmitter-receiver pair is commonly referred to as a modem (modulator/demodulator); in wireless systems the terms transmitter and receiver continue to be used; and for fiber-optic cable systems the terms electrical-to-optical (E/O) and optical-to-electrical (O/E) interfaces are used to describe the transmitter-receiver pair

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